Najat Rochdi of Morocco Appointed UN Dy. Special Coordinator for Lebanon : June 2020

Najat Rochdi of Morocco was appointed as United Nations Deputy Special Co-ordinator for Lebanon by Antonio Guterres, UN Secretary-General.

She will also serve as Humanitarian Co-ordinator.

Previous Assignments :

  • Senior Adviser to the Special Envoy for Syria
  • Director of Peer to Peer with the United Nations Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs, Geneva.
  • Deputy Special Representative of the Secretary-General
  • Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator with the United Nations Multidimensional Integrated Stabilization Mission in the Central African Republic (MINUSCA).  
  • Resident and Humanitarian Coordinator in Cameroon
  • Deputy Director of the Representative Office of the United Nations Development Programme, Geneva

Education:

  • PhD – Doctorate in information systems, National Institute of Statistics and of Applied Economics, Rabat
  • Master’s degree in mathematics and fundamental applications, University of Paris Sud 11. 
pix: un.org

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Morocco

Amal Al-Agroobi – Emirati Neuro-Scientist / Filmmaker : UAE

Amal Al-Agroobi – Emirati Neuro-scientist . Documentary filmmaker, Director, Producer, Writer and Entreprenuer

Entreprenuer:

  • Founder & Owner : AlAgroobi, production company

Awards:

  • Digital Studio Awards for Best Up and Coming Filmmaker of the Year – 2013
  • Digital Studio Awards Best Production (special commendation) for The Brain That Sings – 2014
  • The People’s Choice Award at the Dubai International Film Festival – 2014
  • Women in Film and Television honored as Best New Director – 2014

Education:

M.Sc. : Neurosciences, University College, London

B.Sc : Biomedical Sciences, University of Durham, U.K.

Certificate : Short film production

Certificate : Acting for film

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United Arab Emirates

13 women appointed to Saudi Human Rights Commission : July 2020

Thirteen women have been appointed to the Saudi Human Rights Commission (HRC) under a royal decree issued by Saudi Arabia’s King Salman.

“Appointing 13 women as members of the HRC council, with a total of 26 members, is in line with efforts made by the Kingdom’s leadership to enable women to occupy leading positions in various fields, and helps achieve what is best for the country,” said Dr. Awwad bin Saleh Al-Awwad, head of the HRC

source: www.arabnews.com

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Saudi Arabia

Charles Elachi – NASA Scientist : USA

Dr. Charles Elachi , NASA scientist . Advisor.

During his tenure as Director, JPL was involved in more than 20 missions including Cloudsat, Jason 1 and 2, Aquarius, OCO-2, GRACE, SMAP, GRAIL, Mars Odyssey, Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter, Phoenix, Cassini, Deep Impact, Stardust, Dawn, and Juno. Three rovers —Spirit, Opportunity and Curiosity— reached Mars and provided detailed information about the planet.

Assignments :

  • Director – Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), California Institute of Technolgy (upto 2016)
  • Professor Emeritus – California Institute of Technology
  • Advisor UAE Space Agency

Education:

  • Ph.D – Electrical Sciences, Calfornia Institute of Technology (CalTech)
  • Masters Degree in Geology -1987
  • MBA – Masters in Business Management (USC) – 1978
  • Masters Degree in Engineering – 1969
  • Diploma in Engineering – Polytechnic Institute, France
  • Bachelors Degree – Physics – University of Grenoble, France

Publications

Properties of the 67p/Churyumov-Gerasimenko Interior Revealed by Consert Radar, W. Kofman, A. Herique, Y. Barbin, J.-P. Barriot, V. Ciarletti, S. Clifford, P. Edenhofer, C. Elachi, et al., Science, 349, 6247, 2015, http://doi.org/10.1126/science.aab0639

Space Explorer, C. Elachi, Aerospace America, 53, 8, pp. 15-16, 2015

Getting Intimate with Mars, C. Elachi, Physics World, 23, 3, pp. 35-38, 2010

An Asymmetric Distribution of Lakes on Titan as a Possible Consequence of Orbital Forcing, O. Aharonson, A. G. Hayes, J. I. Lunine, R. D. Lorenz, M. D. Allison and C. Elachi, Nature Geoscience, 2, 12, pp. 851-854, 2009, http://doi.org/10.1038/ngeo698

Cassini Radar Sequence Planning and Instrument Performance, R. D. West, Y. Anderson, R. Boehmer, L. Borgarelli, P. Callahan, C. Elachi, Y. Gim, G. Hamilton, et al., Ieee Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, 47, 6, pp. 1777-1795, 2009, http://doi.org/10.1109/tgrs.2008.2007217

Hydrocarbon Lakes on Titan: Distribution and Interaction with a Porous Regolith, A. Hayes, O. Aharonson, P. Callahan, C. Elachi, Y. Gim, R. Kirk, K. Lewis, R. Lopes, et al., Geophysical Research Letters, 35, 9, 2008, http://doi.org/10.1029/2008gl033409

Titan’s Diverse Landscapes as Evidenced by Cassini Radar’s Third and Fourth Looks at Titan, J. I. Lunine, C. Elachi, S. D. Wall, M. A. Janssen, M. D. Allison, Y. Anderson, R. Boehmer, P. Callahan, et al., Icarus, 195, 1, pp. 415-433, 2008, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2007.12.022

Titan’s Surface from the Cassini Radar Radiometry Data During Sar Mode, F. Paganelli, M. A. Janssen, R. M. Lopes, E. Stofan, S. D. Wall, R. D. Lorenz, J. I. Lunine, R. L. Kirk, et al., Planetary and Space Science, 56, 1, pp. 100-108, 2008, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.pss.2007.03.015

The Comet Nucleus Sounding Experiment by Radiowave Transmission (Consert): A Short Description of the Instrument and of the Commissioning Stages, W. Kofman, A. Herique, J. P. Goutail, T. Hagfors, I. P. Williams, E. Nielsen, J. P. Barriot, Y. Barbin, et al., Space Science Reviews, 128, 1-4, pp. 413-432, 2007, http://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-006-9034-9

The Lakes of Titan, E. R. Stofan, C. Elachi, J. I. Lunine, R. D. Lorenz, B. Stiles, K. L. Mitchell, S. Ostro, L. Soderblom, et al., Nature, 445, 7123, pp. 61-64, 2007, http://doi.org/10.1038/nature05438

High-Resolution Land Topography, D. Massonnet and C. Elachi, Comptes Rendus Geoscience, 338, 14-15, pp. 1029-1041, 2006, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.crte.2006.06.001

Mapping of Titan: Results from the First Titan Radar Passes, E. R. Stofan, J. I. Lunine, R. Lopes, F. Paganelli, R. D. Lorenz, C. A. Wood, R. Kirk, S. Wall, et al., Icarus, 185, 2, pp. 443-456, 2006, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.icarus.2006.07.015

Models of Synthetic Aperture Radar Backscattering for Bright Flows and Dark Spots on Titan, P. Paillou, M. Crapeau, C. Elachi, S. Wall and P. Encrenaz, Journal of Geophysical Research-Planets, 111, E11, 2006, http://doi.org/10.1029/2006je002724

The Sand Seas of Titan: Cassini Radar Observations of Longitudinal Dunes, R. D. Lorenz, S. Wall, J. Radebaugh, G. Boubin, E. Reffet, M. Janssen, E. Stofan, R. Lopes, et al., Science, 312, 5774, pp. 724-727, 2006, http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1123257

Titan Radar Mapper Observations from Cassini’s T3 Fly-By, C. Elachi, S. Wall, M. Janssen, E. Stofan, R. Lopes, R. Kirk, R. Lorenz, J. Lunine, et al., Nature, 441, 7094, pp. 709-713, 2006, http://doi.org/10.1038/nature04786

Cassini Radar Views the Surface of Titan, C. Elachi, S. Wall, M. Allison, Y. Anderson, R. Boehmer, P. Callahan, P. Encrenaz, E. Flamini, et al., Science, 308, 5724, pp. 970-974, 2005, http://doi.org/10.1126/science.1109919

Seasat – a 25-Year Legacy of Success, D. L. Evans, W. Alpers, A. Cazenave, C. Elachi, T. Farr, D. Glackin, B. Holt, L. Jones, et al., Remote Sensing of Environment, 94, 3, pp. 384-404, 2005, http://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2004.09.011

Radar: The Cassini Titan Radar Mapper, C. Elachi, M. D. Allison, L. Borgarelli, P. Encrenaz, E. Im, M. A. Janssen, W. T. K. Johnson, R. L. Kirk, et al., Space Science Reviews, 115, 1-4, pp. 71-110, 2004, http://doi.org/10.1007/s11214-004-1438-9

Ultra-Relativistic Electrons in Jupiter’s Radiation Belts, S. J. Bolton, M. Janssen, R. Thorne, S. Levin, M. Klein, S. Gulkis, T. Bastian, R. Sault, et al., Nature, 415, 6875, pp. 987-991, 2002, http://doi.org/10.1038/415987a

Cassini Radio Detection and Ranging (Radar): Earth and Venus Observations, R. D. Lorenz, C. Elachi, R. D. West, W. T. K. Johnson, M. A. Janssen, M. Moghaddam, G. A. Hamilton, O. Liepack, et al., Journal of Geophysical Research-Space Physics, 106, A12, pp. 30271-30279, 2001, http://doi.org/10.1029/2001ja900035

Space Imaging Radar in Planetary Exploration and Earth Observation, Elachi, C., AIAA Paper 2000-0001.

Recent Advances in Radar Technology and Techniques for Affordable Planetary Remote Sensing, Van Zyl, J., C. Elachi, and K. Yunjin, Proceedings of the IEEE 2000 International Radar Conference, pp. 12-16, 2000.

Solar System Exploration in the Next Decade, Elachi, C., IAF Paper 99-Q206, 1999.

Exploring the Solar System – a Current Overview, Huckins, E. K., III, D. V. Woods, and C. Elachi, IAF Paper 99-Q201, 1999.

The Cassini Radar: Instrument and Investigation, Wall, S., L. Roth, R. Lorenz, and C. Elachi, Proceedings of EURSAR’98: European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, pp. 69-71, 1998.

Comet Nucleus Sounding Experiment by Radiowave Transmission, Kofman, W., Y. Barbin, J. Klinger, A. C. Levasseur-Regourd, J. P. Barriot, A. Herique, T. Hagfors, E. Nielsen, E. Grun, P. Edenhofer, H. Kochan, G. Picardi, R. Seu, J. Van Zyl, C. Elachi, J. Melosh, J. Veverka, P. Weissman, L. H. Svedhem, S. E. Hamran, and I. P. Williams, Space Exploration of the Outer Space Solar System and Cometary Nuclei, (Advances in Space Research, Vol. 21) Oxford : Pergamon Press Ltd, pp. 1589-1598, 1998.

Mars Glob – Creation of an International Network of Mars Surface Landers, Galeev, A., V. Moroz, V. Linkin, R. Kremnev, G. Rogovsky, K. Pichkhadze, B. Martynov, O. Papkov, A. Eremenko, E. Galimov, Y. Surkov, C. Elachi, R. Bourke, and J. Mcnamee, In-Situ Impact Detection Techniques, Interplanetary Dust, and Future Mars Exploration, (Advances in Space Research, Vol. 17), Oxford : Pergamon Press Ltd, pp. 15-20, 1995.

Impact of Space on Science, Elachi, C., British Interplanetary Society, Journal of the, Vol. 46, No. 11 p. 431-438 November 1993.

The SIR-C/X-SAR Mission, Way, J., D. Evans, and C. Elachi, Proceedings of IGARSS ’93 IEEE International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium, Vol.2, pp. 593, 1993.

Low-Emissivity Impact Craters on Venus, Weitz, C. M., C. Elachi, H. J. Moore, A. T. Basilevsky, B. A. Ivanov, and G. G. Schaber, Papers Presented to the International Colloquium on Venus, Lunar and Planetary Institute, p 129-131, 1993.

Aeolian Features on Venus – Preliminary Magellan Results, Greeley, R., R. E. Arvidson, C. Elachi, M. A. Geringer, J. J. Plaut, R. S. Saunders, G. Schubert, E. R. Stofan, E. J. P. Thouvenot, S. D. Wall, and C. M. Weitz, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 97, No. E8, p. 13,319-13,345, Aug. 25, 1992.

Synthetic Aperture Radar Applications: Now and in the Future, Elachi, C., Proceedings of the International Symposium on Remote Sensing, p. 41-65, 1992.

Venus Volcanism – Initial Analysis from Magellan Data, Head, J. W., D. B. Campbell, C. Elachi, J. E. Guest, D. P. McKenzie, R. S. Saunders, G. G. Schaber, and G. Schubert, Science, Vol. 252, No. 5003 pp. 276-288, 1991.

Cassini Titan Radar Mapper, Elachi, C., E. Im, L. E. Roth, and C. L. Werner, IEEE Proceedings, Vol. 79, June 1991, p. 867-880.

Magellan – Electrical and Physical- Properties of Venus Surface, Tyler, G. L., P. G. Ford, D. B. Campbell, C. Elachi, G. H. Pettengill, and R. A. Simpson, Science, Vol. 252, No. 5003 pp. 265-270, 1991.

Magellan – Initial Analysis of Venus Surface Modification, Arvidson, R. E., V. R. Baker, C. Elachi, R. S. Saunders, and J. A. Wood, Science, Vol. 252, No. 5003 pp. 270-275, 1991.

Global Digital Topography Mapping with a Synthetic Aperture Scanning Radar Altimeter, Elachi, C., K. E. Im, and E. Rodriguez, International Journal of Remote Sensing, Vol. 11, p. 585-601, April 1990.

Microwave Penetration and Attenuation in Desert Soil: A Field Experiment with Shuttle Imaging Radar, Farr, T. G., C. Elachi, P. Hartl, and K. Chowdhury, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-24, No. 4, pp. 590-594, July 1986.

Overview of the Shuttle Imaging Radar-B Preliminary Scientific Results, Elachi, C., J. B. Cimino, and M. Settle, Science, Vol. 232, pp. 1511-1516, June 20, 1986.

Spaceborne Radar Subsurface Imaging in Hyperarid Regions, Elachi, C., L.E. Roth, and G.G. Schaber, IEEE Transactions on Geoscience and Remote Sensing, Vol. GE-22, No. 4, pp. 383-388, July 1984.

Spaceborne Imaging Radar: Geologic and Oceanographic Applications, Elachi, C., Science, Vol. 209, No. 4461, pp. 1073-1082, September 5, 1980.

Observation of the Grand Canyon Wall Structure with an Airborne Imaging Radar, Elachi, C. and T. G. Farr, Remote Sensing of Environment, Vol. 9, pp. 171-174, 1979.

Precipitation on Venus: Properties and Possibilities of Detection, Cimino, J. B. and C. Elachi, Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, Vol. 36, No. 7, pp. 1168-1177, July 1979.

Wave Tilt Sounding of a Linearly Inhomogeneous Layered Half-Space, Warne, L., D. Evans, and C. Elachi, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-27, No. 3, pp. 417-422, May 1979.

Mapping of Sea Ice and Measurement of Its Drift Using Aircraft Synthetic Aperture Radar Images, Leberl, F., M. L. Bryan, C. Elachi, T. Farr, and W. Campbell, Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 84, No. C4, pp. 1827-1835, April 20, 1979.

Liquid Content of the Lower Clouds of Venus as Determined from Mariner 10 Radio Occultation, Kliore, A. J. , C. Elachi, I. R. Patel, and J. B. Cimino, Icarus, Vol. 37, No. 1, pp. 51-72, January 1979.

Imaging Radar Observations of Askja Caldera, Iceland , Malin, M. C., D. Evans, and C. Elachi, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 5, No. 11, pp. 931-934, November 1978.

Discrimination of Geologic Units in Death Valley Using Dual Frequency and Polarization Imaging Radar Data, Daily, M., C. Elachi, T. Farr, and G. Schaber, Geophysical Research Letters, Vol. 5, No. 10, pp. 889-892, October 1978.

Preliminary Studies of Electromagnetic Sounding of Cometary Nuclei, Gabriel, A., L. Warne, S. Bednarczyk, and C. Elachi, JPL Publication 78-44, October 1, 1978.

Application of Multispectral Radar and LANDSAT Imagery to Geologic Mapping in Death Valley, Daily, M., C. Elachi, T. Farr, W. Stromberg, S. Williams, and G. Schaber, JPL Publication 78-19, March 30, 1978.

Radar Imaging of the Ocean Surface, Elachi, C., Boundary-Layer Meteorology, Vol. 13, pp. 165-179, 1978.

Ocean Wave Patterns Under Hurricane Gloria: Observation with an Airborne Synthetic-Aperture Radar, Elachi, C., T. W. Thompson, and D. King, Science, Vol. 198, pp. 609-610, November 11, 1977.

Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery of the AIDJEX Triangle, Bryan, L. , T. Farr, F. Leberl, and C. Elachi, AIDJEX Bulletin, No. 37, pp. 161-187, September 1977.

Higher-Order Bragg Coupling in Periodic Media With Gain or Loss, Jaggard, D. L and C. Elachi, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 48, No. 4, pp. 1461-1466, April 1977.

Equipotential Doming in Flooded Circular Basins on the Moon, Roth, L. E., C. Elachi, and R. J. Phillips, Proceedings of the Eighth Lunar Science Conference, Houston, Tex., March 14-18, pp. 643-654, 1977.

Effects of Random Phase Changes on the Formation of Synthetic Aperture Radar Imagery, Elachi, C. and D. D. Evans, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-25, No. 1, pp. 149-153, January 1977.

Models of Radar Imaging of the Ocean Surface Waves, Elachi, C. and W. E. Brown, Jr., IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-25, No. 1, pp. 84-95, January 1977.

Waves in Active and Passive Periodic Structures: A Review, Elachi, C., IEEE Proceedings, Vol. 64, No. 12, pp. 1666-1698, December 1976.

Application of Remote Sensors in Coastal Zone Observations, Caillat, J.-M., C. Elachi, and W. E. Brown, Jr., JPL Technical Memorandum 33-750, November 15, 1975.

The JPL Imaging Radar Experiment in GATE: A Preliminary Report, Elachi, C., JPL Technical Memorandum 33-751, November 15, 1975.

Coherent Electromagnetic Losses by Scattering From Volume Inhomogeneities, Roth, L. E. and C. Elachi, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-23, No. 5, pp. 674-675, September 1975.

Transients in a Periodic Slab: Coupled Waves Approach, Elachi, C., D. L. Jaggard, and C. Yeh, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-23, No. 3, pp. 352-358, May 1975.

Imaging and Sounding of Ice Fields With Airborne Coherent Radars, Elachi, C. and W. E. Brown, Jr., Journal of Geophysical Research, Vol. 80, No. 8, pp. 1113-1119, March 10, 1975.

Magnetic Wave Propagation in a Periodic Medium, Elachi, C., IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. MAG-11, No. 1, pp. 36-39, January 1975.

Proposed Distributed Feedback Crystal Cavities for X-Ray Lasers, Elachi, C., G. Evans, and F. J. Grunthaner, Applied Optics, Vol. 14, No. 1, p. 14, January 1975.

Distributed Feedback Acoustic Surface Wave Oscillator, Elachi, C., IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. MTT-22, No. 10, pp. 907-908, October 1974.

Mode Conversion in Periodically Disturbed Thin-Film Waveguides, Elachi, C. and C. Yeh, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 45, No. 8, pp. 3494-3499, August 1974.

Parametric Interactions Between Alfven Waves and Sonic Waves, Elachi, C., IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-21, No. 6, pp. 907-909, November 1973.

Periodic Structures in Integrated Optics, Elachi, C. and C. Yeh, Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 44, No. 7, pp. 3146-3152, July 1973.

Cerenkov and Transition Radiation in Space-Time Periodic Media, C. Elachi., Journal of Applied Physics, Vol. 43, No. 9, pp. 3719-3723, September 1972.

Electromagnetic Wave Propagation and Wave-Vector Diagram in Space-Time Periodic Media, Elachi, C., IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-20, No. 4, pp. 534-536, July 1972.

Dipole Antenna in Space-Time Periodic Media, C. Elachi, IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. AP-20, No. 3, pp. 280-287, May 1972.

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American / Lebanese-American

Mourad Boudjellal – Founder – Soleil Production, France

French businessman, publisher and sports enthusiast.

Owner:

  • Soleil Production – French Comic Publisher
  • President – RC Toulonnous (2006-2009)
  • Former – Toulon Rugby Club

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France / French -Tunisian

Ilhan Omar – First Somali-American Elected to U.S. Congress : November 2018

Ilhan Omar (aka) Ilhan Abdullahi Omar – American politician serving as U.S. Representative for Minnesota’s 5th Congressional district since 2019.

Minnesota Congresswoman Ilhan Omar

First/s:

  • First Somali-American elected to U.S. Congress (November 06th, 2018)
  • First of two Muslim women elected to U.S.Congress (November 06th, 2018). The other candidate being Rep. Rashida Tlaib
  • First Woman of colour to hold elective office for Minnesota

Education:

  • BA – North Dakota State University

Book:

Memoir : ‘This is what America looks like : My journey from Refugee to Congresswoman’

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American / Somali-American

Mohamed Alabbar – Middle East Personality of the Year : Dubai, UAE

Mohamed Alabbar (aka) Mohamed Ali Rashid Alabbar – Emirati businessman –

Organisations:

  • Founder and Chairman – Emaar Properties ( incl. Burj Khalifa (world’s tallest building), Dubai Creek Tower, Dubai Opera (2000 seat), Dubai Marina, Emirates Hills
  • Noon – a USD 1 billion start-up working in the entire Middle East region
  • Chairman – Eagle Hills
  • Chairman – Americana Group (includes KFC, Pizza Hut )..
  • Chairman – Hamptons , MENA
  • Chairman – Armani Hotels and Resorts
  • etc…

Education:

  • Graduate Degree – The Albers School of Business & Economics, Seattle University
  • Ph.D – Honorary Doctorate (Humanities), Seattle University

_______________________

United Arab Emirates

Taleedah Tamer, Saudi Arabia’s First Couture Model

Taleeda Tamer, Jeddah based Kingdom’s first fashion model.

Made history in July 2018 as the first Saudi model to walk the Paris Haute Couture Fashion Week. Opened for the Italian designer Antonio Grimaldi couture show at ‘Salons France-Amerique’ in Paris.

First’s :

  • First Saudi model to walk a couture runaway in Paris
  • First Saudi model to be on the cover of an International magazine ‘ Harper’s Bazaar Arabia ( Jul/Aug 2018)
  • Featured as one of two Saudi’s to be selected as one of the ‘100 New Wave Creatives’ by the British Fashion Council

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Saudi Arabia

Largest aluminum sculpture , Saudi Arabia : October 2017

Novartis Oncology , a medical company specializing in cancer patients, achieved the Guinness World Records of ” Largest Aluminium Sculpture ” on October 7, 2017. 

The statue – 7.71 m tall,  5.03 m long, 3.95 m wide – was made in the shape of a jackhammer to represent “the powerful tool breaking through cancer,” and was presented at the Novartis Oncology Breast Cancer Summit, Sofitel Event Hall, Jeddah in Saudi Arabia.

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Saudi Arabia

World’s 4th Longest Bridge : Sheikh Jaber Causeway, Kuwait : May 2019

The Shieikh Jaber Causeway is the 4th longest bridge in the world.

Named after Sheikh Jaber Al-Ahmad Al-Sabah who ruled during the Gulf war.

About 80 percent of the sea-bridge is over water and connects Kuwait City to Subiya where a USD 100 billion dollar mega-city is being built.

The drive around the bay usually takes over an hour, but with bridge’s construction completed, it shortens to less than 20 minutes.

The USD 2.6 billion causeway was designed by Paris based engineering and consulting group ‘Systra’. Lead by a consortium of South Korea’s ‘Hyundai Engineering & Construciton Co.’ and Kuwait’s ‘Combined Group Contracting Company’.

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Kuwait