BAHRAIN: ‘Librae’ is New York’s First Bahrain-owned Bakery, Serving up a Slice of Third-Culture Cuisine

Owner Dona Murad says the motto is Bahraini hospitality, Copenhagen technique and New York energy.

If you ever find yourself in Cooper Square, in the Lower East Side of Manhattan, you might find a queue forming outside a cosy-looking bakery.

That would be Librae, New York’s — and possibly the whole of America’s — first Bahrain-owned-owned bakery. It’s the brainchild of Dona Murad, a Bahraini entrepreneur married to a New Yorker.

“We always wanted to have something in his hometown to represent the both of us,” Murad says on the phone from Dubai, where she lives when she’s not in the Big Apple.

“We wanted a space that brought together different cultures, religions and diversity.”

One quick look at the menu confirms they have achieved exactly that. Highlights include the rose pistachio croissant, a feta and dill scone and a lumee babka bun.

Lumee, or black lime, is liberally used in Bahraini cuisine.

“It’s used in tikka and stews and we wanted to create a pastry that was Bahrain and New York,” Murad says.

“So we took black lime, crushed it up, made it sweet in a lemon curd and put it into a babka, that’s classic New York.

“We gave it oomph and our own identity.”

Murad arrived in New York before the opening with black lime in her suitcase, knowing it was always going to be on the menu.

Another unique dish is the Marmite cheddar and scallion escargot, which is also on the menu at Hopscotch, Murad’s first cafe in Bahrain.

“Marmite is so hard to find in New York. We were buying it on Amazon in tiny little bottles, scraping every morsel out of the corners,” Murad says with a laugh.

“But we took that and put it in our morning bun and get the occasional English or Australian person who gets excited to see it on the menu.

“We love using flavours familiar to us, experimenting with them, putting them together in things that become delicious, like a disco in your mouth.”

Murad describes Librae as a “third culture cafe”, where they use “a little bit of this, a little bit of that”, with flavours and design influences from all over the world, from Bahrain to Bali and Morocco to India.

They also create new desserts for religious occasions, whether it’s for Eid and Ramadan, Christmas or Hanukkah.

It’s not just the flavours that stand out, either, but the technique used in the baking.

Murad and her husband, Andre, love the food scene in Copenhagen and so they were inspired by the Denmark capital’s unique fermentation process, which uses more salt and fat than usual with sourdough.

“Their approach to fermentation is quite a scientific one so giving examples might be a bit tedious, but if I had to explain it in two words it comes down to ‘no shortcuts’,” Murad says.

“Our croissant for example takes over 72 hours to get just the first step.”

Murad says their motto is “Bahraini hospitality, Copenhagen technique and New York energy”.

They were also really inspired by Denmark’s bakery culture, which, she says, is “small, warm and they have really good coffee”.

The combination of great pastries and delicious coffee was important to her when setting up.

“You don’t get two great products in one space. Usually people ignore one or the other,” Murad says.

“It might be a great bakery but they don’t care about coffee, so we wanted to do both.”

This is a similar premise she used in creating Hopscotch and Grind, a roastery she also owns in Bahrain.

Hopscotch opened six years ago and remains a go-to spot for food and coffee lovers on the island.

Nowadays, her brother and mother run the business in Bahrain, while she hops between the US and UAE.

Other dishes on Librae’s menu also hail from Hopscotch. The labneh zaatar morning bun customers find in New York, for example, is inspired by the zaatar labneh twist in Bahrain.

“It’s the evolution of the brand,” says Murad. “Librae is like the cooler, younger sister.”

As someone with no experience of running a business in New York, Murad was nervous about opening Librae.

But what made it even more risky was that they were doing it when there was still a mask mandate in the city because of the pandemic.

“It was scary, it was so polarised there,” she says. “You had people who would not walk into some places for certain reasons, so we were scared at the beginning. We didn’t have our foot in the door.

“Before opening, we were making almost 400 croissants a day. We refused to open until we had a croissant I would stand in line for … so I was standing outside the door, handing out croissants to people on the street.”

People would nudge away from Murad, looking at her as if she was “crazy”, she says, but every third person would respond.

“We would form a connection, tell our story and that got people talking to us and interested. Those people came back and stood in line to support us.”

They finally opened in May last year and the community has responded well.

“It’s so surreal,” Murad says. “I go outside and I look at the line forming and get goosebumps.

“Our communities responded here, in Bahrain, Saudi Arabia, all over the Gulf and a lot of people in New York. We have regulars now.”

Another aspect she brought from the Gulf was the idea of relaxing in a cafe.

“Coffee culture in New York is very different to Dubai or Bahrain,” she says. “We wanted to create a bakery where people would sit down and dwell and enjoy, somewhere to have a good cup of coffee and pastries.

“There are a lot of coffee shops that are beautiful and New York runs on caffeine because it’s such a fast-paced society. This is a space that brings the way we enjoy coffee to the centre of Manhattan.”

Murad hasn’t had much time to think about her next step, but she hasn’t ruled out opening something new in the UAE.

“If the right opportunity comes along, it’s my second home, so why not? Dubai has so many great options, but there is always room.”

As for Librae, which is simply named after her star sign (“You know how when you don’t know how to pronounce something it automatically becomes cooler,” she says with a laugh), she’s focused now on growing the brand.

“I want to continuously learn in the industry. I enjoy what I do. Whatever opportunity comes my way, I want to be able to take it. I want to expand Librae’s horizons and see where it takes me.”

source/content: thenationalnews.com (headline edited)

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pix: caterermiddleeastcom

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BAHRAIN

IRAQ lift the 25th ‘Arabian Gulf Cup 2023’ with Victory over Oman

Despite a crush that killed two people, the match went ahead and Iraq beat Oman 3-2 to win the 25th title.

At least two people died and more than 60 were injured after a crush at Iraq’s Basra International Stadium hours before the Gulf Cup final in which Iraq were crowned champions.

The match went ahead despite Iraq’s state news agency confirming one person had died and 60 were injured, while provincial health authorities said a young female doctor had also died.

Hamza Ahmed, 26, from Baghdad, died after being caught up in the incident, his brother Omar told The National. He had been in Basra since the start of the tournament. His brother, cousin and friend were injured.

The Arab Gulf Football Federation announced the match would go ahead as scheduled, and Iraq claimed the trophy after a close encounter.

Iraq opened the scoring through midfielder Ibrahim Bayesh after 24 minutes. Ten minutes into added time Omani midfielder Salaah Al Yahyaei levelled from a penalty, sending the match into extra time.

Midfielder Amjad Attwan put Iraq ahead after 116 minutes with another penalty, but three minutes later Omani striker Omar Al Malki levelled again with a header.

Iraqi defender Manaf Younis scored the winning goal two minutes into added time.

Thousands of fans had walked to the 65,000-capacity stadium on Thursday morning before the match, with many prevented from entering.

A video posted on social media, apparently from the scene, showed fans crying for help as others were pushed along by the moving crowd.

Authorities later opened the gates of the stadium to relieve the pressure, allowing ticket holders to enter. Later they closed all gates but one, which was kept open for Omani fans.

They also opened nearby Al Minaa Stadium, which has a 30,000-seat capacity, for fans to watch the game on screens.

Calm soon returned to the area.

“After consultations with concerned parties in sultanate of Oman and to ensure the safety of the Omani citizens, and as a support to the brothers in the Republic of Iraq to make the final match a success, it has been decided to bring back fans who are still at Basra International Airport,” the Oman Football Federation said earlier.

It urged Omani fans still outside the stadium not to enter, but later it allowed fans to head to the stadium after securing their seats.

Meanwhile, Oman Air cancelled at least one flight to Basra.

The deadly incident came hours after the Governor of Basra, Asaad Al Eidani, called on fans not to gather outside the stadium, especially those without tickets.

“This could lead to a stampede and [the] perfect image of our country, hosting this event, could be tarnished only a few hours before the final ceremony,” Mr Al Eidani said late on Wednesday.

“We call upon you to abide to security forces guidelines to ensure the safety of the citizens,” he said, adding that dozens of big screens had been set up around the city for those without tickets.

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al Sudani has travelled to Basra and met organisers to discuss the incident.

Mr Al Eidani warned fans that the Arab Gulf Cup Football Federation may be forced to move the match to another venue outside Iraq if measures were not taken to stop such incidents, prompting many of them to withdraw.

At the end of the match, Iraqi players hugged each other as they cried.

The fans shouted: “Long live Iraq” and “Oh Iraq, we are ready to sacrifice ourselves for you.”

Outside the stadium and in Baghdad, fireworks lit up the sky while some shot into the air live ammunition despite warning from Iraqi Interior Ministry.

Thousands of fans poured on to the streets after the match, waiving Iraqi flag and dancing. Cars were honking in rhythmic succession as fans cheered: “Go, go the Lions of Mesopotamia.”

“That’s not only a precious triumph, but a precious joy that we need so much and waited for a long time,” Abbas Mohammed said, driving his car in a Baghdad street while hoisting the Iraqi flag.

“It’s a bittersweet achievement,” said Ali Yassir, standing near by.

“Unfortunately, the day started with a tragedy that made all of us sad. That trophy is for those who lost their lives or were wounded while trying to attend the match.

Mr Al Sudani congratulated the Iraq team.

“The cup is Iraqi,” he said. “We are proud of our lions.”

He also thanked those who were behind making the tournament a success.

The eight-team tournament kicked off on January 6, bringing together teams from Iraq, Yemen and the six Gulf Co-operation Council states — the UAE, Saudi Arabia, Kuwait, Bahrain, Oman and Qatar.

Iraq is hosting the biennial regional competition for the first time in more than four decades, after enduring wars, diplomatic isolation and instability after the 2003 US-led invasion that toppled Saddam Hussein.

Iraqis have celebrated the event as a triumph of sports diplomacy, part of continuing efforts to heal a political rift between their country and its Gulf neighbours, and recovery as a footballing nation.

They hoped hosting the event would turn a new page in the country’s troubled history and represent a crucial step towards full national recovery, mainly by attracting sorely needed foreign investment.

Fifa banned Iraq from hosting international matches between 2003 and 2018, because of the poor security situation. It lifted the ban early last year.

Since late Wednesday, fans have flocked to Basra from other parts of Iraq, snarling traffic.

The local government in Basra announced an official holiday on Thursday in an attempt to clear the roads.

The Iraqi Interior Ministry is asking the public to celebrate in a “civilised way” and avoid celebratory gunfire. It has said it will arrest those who shoot into the air.

On Monday, Iraq beat Qatar 2-1 and hours later Oman beat Bahrain 1-0 to set up the final match of the tournament.

source/content: thenationalnews.com (headline edited)

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Iraqi national football team players lift the trophy as they celebrate at the stadium in Basra. AP

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IRAQ / 25th Arabian Gulf Cup 2023

EGYPTIAN AMERICAN: Columbia University names Egypt-born Minouche Shafik as its next President

New York-based Columbia university announced on Wednesday that Egyptian-born figure Minouche Shafik would become its first-woman president next summer.

“Nemat {Minouche} Shafik, a leading economist whose career has focused on public policy and academia, will become the next president of Columbia University on July 1, 2023.” Columbia University said adding that her election by the board of trustees as the University’s 20th president concluded a wide-ranging and intensive search launched after the University’s Current President Lee C. Bollinger announced that he would step down at the end of the 2022-2023 academic year.

Shafik will become the 20th president of the famous American educational institution.

Minouche Shafik was appointed director of the London School of Economics and Political Science (LSE) in September 2017.

She also served as the Deputy Governor of the Bank of England prior to her appointment as LSE Director in 2017.

She was made a Dame Commander of the British Empire in Queen Elizabeth’s Birthday Honours list in 2015, and in July 2020 was created a baroness, becoming a crossbench peer in the UK’s House of Lords. 

Shafik’s successful portfolio includes leading roles such as Vice President of the World Bank, where she became the youngest VP in the history of the bank, and Permanent Secretary of the UK Department for International Development and Deputy Managing Director of the International Monetary Fund (IMF).

Born in Alexandriam her childhood in Egypt was brief though, as she left the country for the US when she was four. She later returned to the country briefly as a teenager, according to interviews.

She holds a BSc in economics and politics from the University of Massachusetts in Amherst, and an MSc in economics at LSE before completing a PhD in economics at St Antony’s College at the University of Oxford.

Her doctorate thesis was on the role of the private sector and the public sector in Egypt.

source/content: english.ahram.org.eg (headline edited)

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AMERICAN / EGYPT

PALESTINIAN CHILEAN Singer Elyanna to Perform at Coachella Festival in US

Palestinian Chilean singer Elyanna is set to perform for the first time at Coachella, the popular music festival that is held annually at Indio, California.

The 10-day event will run from April 14 to 23.

Elyanna, who is famous for her songs “Ghareeb Alay,” “Ala Bali” and “Ana Lahale” with Canadian Lebanese singer Massari, will be the first Arab artist to perform on the Coachella stage.

“I am honored and grateful for all the love and support I have received in the past couple days,” she wrote to her 575,000 followers on Instagram. “Last year I attended Coachella, and this year I will be the first Arabic singing artist to perform there. Your wildest dreams will come true, so keep on dreaming! See you in the desert.

“I’m so proud and excited to bring my culture and music to Coachella,” she said in another post.

Elyanna’s celebrity fans, including Massari, Dutch Palestinian supermodel Bella Hadid, US Iraqi beauty mogul Huda Kattan, Egyptian rapper Felukah, Palestinian singer Noel Kharman and Syrian swimmer Yusra Mardini, all took to Instagram to congratulate the star.

source/content: arabnews.com (headline edited)

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PALESTINIAN / CHILEAN

SAUDI ARABIA’s Crown Prince Named ‘Most Influential Arab Leader 2022’: Poll

Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince Mohammed bin Salman has been named the most influential Arab Leader of 2022 according to a poll conducted by Russia Today.

The Kingdom’s Crown Prince and Prime Minister won the online vote by a landslide with 62.3 percent voting in favor of the revolutionary leader. He earned 7,399,451 of the total 11,877,546 million votes, the international TV news network’s website said on Tuesday.

The percentage of votes received by Mohammed bin Salman reportedly breaks all previous records. It also makes it the second time in a row that the Saudi Crown Prince has won the RT vote-based title.

UAE President Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan came second on the list with 2,950,543 million votes, accounting for 24.8 percent of the total votes.

Egypt’s President Abdel Fattah el-Sisi came in third place with 1,387,497 million votes.

The Saudi leader has earned international reputation for spearheading a liberalization movement in the country while taking steps to attract diverse investment to reshape the oil-dependent economy.

He has been brandished as a women’s rights champion for various empowerment efforts including lifting a decades-old ban on women driving and easing guardianship rules.

All these changes tie into the passion project of the Saudi leader called Vision 2030, a multitude of reforms established by the Crown Prince to elevate the Kingdom past the 21st century.

source/content: english.alarabiya.net / Al-Arabiya English

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Saudi Arabia’s Crown Prince and Prime Minister Mohammed bin Salman. (Twitter)

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SAUDI ARABIA

SUDAN: Nima Elbagir, Journalist and Award-Winning International Television Correspondent

CNN has promoted senior international correspondent Nima Elbagir to the role of chief international investigative correspondent.

A London-based Sudanese journalist, Elbagir has broken countless stories for CNN from war and crisis zones, reporting on human rights abuses in places like Ethiopia’s Tigray region, Libya, Democratic Republic of the Congo, Nigeria and Yemen. In 2017, her undercover reporting exposed migrants being sold at slave auctions in Libya and prompted responses from the government and the United Nations.

Elbagir has scooped up numerous awards in her career, including the Royal Television Society’s Television Journalist of the Year Award in 2020, a duPoint Award, a Polk Award in 2017, the International Center for Journalists 2018 Excellence in International Reporting Award, the 2018 IWMF Courage in Journalism Award, a 2019 Gracie Award, and the LA Press Club’s 2019 Daniel Pearl Award.

Elbagir joined CNN in Feb. 2011 as a full-time reporter based at network’s Johannesburg bureau, before later moving to Nairobi, Kenya. Prior to joining CNN as a freelancer in 2010, Elbagir worked in various capacities for the UK’s Channel 4 for a number of years from 2005: she freelanced from Kabul, Afghanistan for Channel 4 News; reported for the Unreported World documentary strand; and both reported and presented for Channel 4 News and More4 News.

source/content: adweek.com/TVNewser/CNN-Revolving Door (headline edited)

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pix: cnn.com

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SUDAN

IRAQ: ‘Arabian Gulf Cup’ Kicks off in Basra,Iraq with Elaborate Opening Ceremony

Iraq is hosting the eight-nation football tournament for the first time in more than 40 years.

The Gulf Cup began with fanfare on Friday in Iraq’s southern city of Basra, sparking hopes of a bright future for the country’s embattled football prospects.

For Iraqis, hosting the biennial event will turn a new page in the troubled history of their country, boost relations with Gulf neighbours and represent a crucial move towards full national recovery.

Iraqi Prime Minister Mohammed Shia Al Sudani formally kicked off the tournament, hailing it as a “historic moment” which demonstrates “brotherhood among the Arab brothers in the Gulf”.

“Dear sport fans, thanks for your presence,” he said. “On your behalf and in the name of Iraq, we welcome the brothers, the visitors, the teams and the fans in the land in Iraq, the land of Mesopotamia and Basra.

“We wish all teams success and enjoyment to the fans.”

Mr Al Sudani was joined by Fifa President Gianni Infantino, Iraq’s Speaker of Parliament Muhammad Al Halbousi and the heads of the Gulf football federations.

As the sun set over the port city, the mood in and around Basra International Stadium was festive and electric with anticipation.

By the afternoon, more than 10,000 foreign fans had arrived in the city, located a short distance from Iraq’s borders with Kuwait and Iran, an official from Basra’s provincial government said.

Thousands of people gathered at the stadium, known as the Trunk of the Palm, its design inspired by the southern city’s palm trees. It was filled to its 65,000-person capacity with more soaking up the atmosphere outside.

Some fans pushed the guards back at one gate, breaking into the stadium perimeter, but no large disruption was caused.

As the ceremony began, poet Hazim Jabir, actress Enas Talib, actor Jawad Al Shakarchi and singer Hussam Alrassam took to the field, dressed in elaborate costumes in a performance that told the story of the city’s rich history and culture.

Once the ceremony wrapped up, the tone in the stadium shifted from excitement to intense focus as Iraq and Oman faced off in the first game of the tournament.

Travel to the stadium before the ceremony and opening matches snarled up traffic in the city. Others walked to the stadium, waving the Iraqi flag or wrapping it around their shoulders. Songs welcoming the participating teams blared from cars.

Those who couldn’t secure tickets packed the public square to see the opening ceremony on a big screen.

“Thank God the opening ceremony was very beautiful and well organised; I didn’t expect that, to be honest,” Ali Ibrahim told The National as he joined hundreds of fans in the city’s Tayaran Square.

Mr Ibrahim, 23, and his cousin were draped in the Iraqi flag.

“We are very proud of our Basra, which has become an international city now,” he said.

“It is really amazing to see the tournament eventually kicked off after waiting so many years,” Dhirgham Amir told The National.

Mr Amir, 20, came with his brother and sister to Al Tayaran Square.

“This will definitely change how Iraq looks like to the whole world as a dangerous place ravaged with terrorism,” he said, putting his nine-year old sister on his shoulders.

“A bright future mainly in sport is waiting Iraq,” he added.

The biennial Arabian Gulf Cup first took place in 1970. The last time it was held in Iraq was in 1979, when the hosts were crowned champions. Iraq also won in 1984 and 1988.

The event features teams from the Gulf Co-operation Council countries — Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Bahrain, Oman, Qatar and UAE — as well as Iraq and Yemen.

The most recent event was held in 2019 in Qatar and was won by Bahrain.

A bright future

“It is a step forward to retain Iraq’s normal position in the fields of sport, culture and society,” Basra Governor Asaad Al Eidani said before the start of the tournament. “It is a message to the whole world that we are capable.”

The UN Assistance Mission for Iraq echoed those sentiments.

“By hosting the cup, Iraq showcases the unifying power of sports and its ability to harbour peaceful and respectful competition. We wish Iraq and its people a successful tournament,” the agency wrote on Twitter.

The eight teams playing in the tournament are divided into two groups.

Group A consists of Iraq, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Yemen, while Group B features the UAE, Bahrain, Kuwait and Qatar.

The winners and runners-up of each group proceed to the semi-finals on January 16 — where the winners of Group A play the runners-up of Group B, and the Group B winners take on the runners-up from Group A.

On January 19, the winners of the semi-finals meet in the Gulf Cup final.

source/content: thenationalnews.com (headline edited)

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Fireworks light up the sky over the Basra International Stadium during the opening ceremony of the 25th Arabian Gulf Cup in Basra, southern Iraq, on Friday, January 6. Getty

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IRAQ

SAUDI ARABIA: Saudi Team Win the ‘2022 International Date Palm Innovative Technology Excellence Prize’ for their Special Sensor to Protect Date Palms from Pests

A team from the King Abdullah University of Science and Technology and Al-Hasa-based Palms and Dates Center has been awarded the 2022 International Date Palm Innovative Technology Excellence Prize.

Presented by the National Center for Palm and Dates, the award was made in recognition of the team’s fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor, which is used in the early detection of red palm weevils in date palm trees.

Tackling infestations of red palm weevils has been a long-standing problem across the Middle East, Southeast Asia, Europe and other parts of the world.

The winning team comprised Dr. Islam Ashry, Dr. Chun Hong Kang and Prof. Boon S. Ooi from the KAUST Photonics Laboratory and Dr. Yousef Alfehaid and Eng. Abdulmonem Alshawaf from the PDC, which operates under the Ministry of Environment, Water and Agriculture.

HIGHLIGHTS

• Infestations of red palm weevils a major problem across the Middle East.

• Researchers from KAUST-PDC collect $53,000 in prize money.

As well as the prestige, the team collected SR200,000 ($53,000) in prize money. The award was announced at the 3rd International Dates Conference and Exhibition, which ran from Dec. 7-10 in Riyadh. Their design beat off the challenge of 65 other submissions for the prize.

Ashry said the team was honored to have won such a prestigious award and paid tribute to his colleagues at the Photonics Laboratory and the PDC who helped in the development, testing and deployment of the technology.

“This recognition motivates us to continue improving, optimizing and advancing this technology to a new level,” he said.

According to the NCPD, the event provided “a unique combination of scientific research and commercial strategy to exchange scientific knowledge and innovative technologies to enhance the safe production and commercialization of these extraordinary super-fruits.”

The Kingdom is home to some 33 million date palm trees, producing about 1 million tons of dates a year, or 20 percent of global production. In the Middle East region alone about $8 million is spent every year fighting infestations of weevils.

“Our RPW-detecting technology uses a fiber-optic distributed acoustic sensor,” Ashry said. “It is the first of its kind and offers a more scalable approach (than) other detection methods, such as microphone probe, computer-based tomography and visual inspection.”

Kang said the team’s system used fiber-optic cables wound around individual tree trunks.

“Acoustic signals generated by the weevil larvae inside a trunk can be picked up by the cable and transmitted back to an interrogator system,” he said.

“The collected signals are then analyzed and processed through a machine learning algorithm to identify each tree’s infestation status.”

Ashry and Kang are now working with various organizations within the Kingdom, including the PDC, MEWA, NEOM, the Royal Commission for AlUla and the Tabuk Agricultural Development Co., on the deployment of their technology.

These test applications will help to improve the sensitivity of the sensor systems so they can be used on large-scale farms.

“Our research efforts align well with … Saudi Vision 2030 in terms of diversifying the economy, especially for the date palm sector,” Ashry said.

Ooi said: “Our technology offers a unique and low-cost solution to protect the large number of date palm trees in the country through early infestation detection.”

source/content: arabnews.com (headline edited)

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(L to R): KAUST Research Scientist Dr. Islam Ashry and Prof. Boon S. Ooi receive the 2022 International Date Palm Innovative Technology Excellence Prize from the NCPD on behalf of their team. (Supplied)

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SAUDI ARABIA

MOROCCO: January 11th: Independence Proclamation: The Ongoing Legacy of Moroccan Nationalism

Published on January 11, 1944, the Independence Proclamation laid the groundwork for generations of Moroccan nationalist claims against French and Spanish occupation.

Every January 11, Moroccans celebrate Morocco’s Independence Proclamation or the Independence Manifesto, commemorating the bravery of Moroccans who signed a manifesto to urge colonists to leave their Moroccan lands.

On January 11, 1944, dozens of Moroccan nationalists signed the manifesto that called for the country’s full independence and sovereignty over its territories occupied by foreign powers. 

A turning point for Moroccan nationalism

Seen as a turning point in Morocco’s history, the proclamation was signed in consultations with the late Sultan Mohammed V, the grandfather of King Mohammed VI, to demand Morocco’s full-throated independence from French and Spanish colonizers.

Following the Sultan’s review, the document was presented to colonial authorities and to the representations of three countries: the US, UK, and the former Soviet Union.

The manifesto documented Morocco’s eagerness to continue its fight against colonizers, stressing the importance of the country’s right to exercise national sovereignty and self-determination.

It also shed light on the strong ties between the throne and the Moroccan people, a sizable majority of whom were ready and eager to sacrifice their lives for their homeland, causing panic among French colonial authorities and troops. 

Demonization and oppression campaign 

Following the publication of the manifesto, French authorities tried to pressure Sultan Mohammed V into condemning the proclamation. Having failed in their bid to get the Sultan to disown the leaders of Moroccan nationalism, the colonial authorities resorted to organizing a purge and demonization campaign, accusing Moroccan nationalists and intellectuals of spying for Nazi Germany.

Withstanding this campaign of oppression and intimidation from colonial forces, both the Sultan and Moroccan nationalists continued their fierce struggle to defend the country’s legitimate right to independence and self-determination.

In response, French authorities forced the Sultan into exile to Corsica along with his family members on the eve of Eid al-Adha, in August 1953, and then to Madagascar in 1954.

The goal was to shatter Morocco’s dreams of independence, but forcefully exiling their legitimate Sultan only intensified Moroccans’ eagerness for national sovereignty and resilience against colonial oppression.

The decision to send the Sultan to exile was thus greeted with more nationwide uproar and frustration, with waves of nationalist protests demanding the return of the Sultan and his family amid the continued struggle for national independence. 

The pressure was strong enough to force French colonizers into agreeing to the return of Sultan Mohammed V to Morocco on November 16.

A few days after his return, the Moroccan delivered a speech announcing the end of the trusteeship and protectorate system and “the advent of freedom of independence.” 

The speech was excitedly celebrated across Morocco, laying the groundwork for Moroccan independence from France on March 2, 1956. 

That same year, Morocco recovered  Tangier and other parts of the northern regions from Spanish rule.

The following years, especially in 1959, 1969, and 1975, Morocco further reclaimed its territorial integrity with the withdrawal of Spain from the Tarfaya, Sidi Ifni, and Saqia al Hamra, and Oued Eddahab regions in the country’s southern provinces.

Continued Struggle

Seven decades after gaining independence from France and nearly five decades after reclaiming its southern provinces from Spanish rule, Morocco’s struggle for independence is still ongoing in the face of separatist challenges in the southern provinces known as Western Sahara.  

After Mohammed V passed away, his son, the late King Hassan II, continued the fight for full-fledged territorial integrity. The King famously organized and oversaw the resounding success of one of the most famed milestones of Moroccan nationalism: Al Massira El Khadrae or the Green March in November 1975.

The Green March contributed to the full withdrawal of Spain from southern Morocco after the late monarch made a televised speech calling on Moroccans to mobilize to liberate the Moroccan Sahara. 

“We have to do one thing, dear people, and that is to undertake a peaceful march from the north to the east, and from the west to the south. It behooves us to act as one man in order to join the Sahara,” King Hassan II said in his speech.
Thousands of Moroccans were galvanized by the speech and participated in the Green March. 

As Morocco celebrated the 47th anniversary of the Green March last year, King Mohammed VI highlighted the importance of the March’s legacy and the critical need for Morocco to fully reclaim its southern provinces.

In his speech on the occasion, King Mohammed VI called on Moroccans of all walks of life to continue to be “faithful to the spirit of the Green March and to its everlasting oath.” 

As Moroccan sovereignty continues to be challenged by the Polisario Front, a separatist group financed and armed by Algeria, Moroccans have to remain mobilized and vigilant in order to “defend Morocco’s unity and achieve greater progress,” the monarch stressed.

source/content: moroccoworldnews.com (headline edited)

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MOROCCO

IRAQI-BRITISH: Inside Architect Zaha Hadid’s Final Masterpiece Built for Sustainability

Sharjah HQ of waste management operator Beeah aims to lay foundations for a greener future.

A striking Sharjah building in the shape of a sand dune is primed to be a beacon of sustainability and serve as a fitting legacy for renowned architect Zaha Hadid.

The headquarters of waste management operator Beeah was the last project designed by Zaha Hadid before her death in 2016.

Her team constructed a modern masterpiece across 9,000 square metres, using sustainable materials to create a building with 40 per cent of its power provided by the sun.

Illuminated, sweeping staircases take visitors up to an art gallery on the first floor, with screens showing a time-lapse video to explain the building’s five year construction.

Now open to full capacity of 500 workers, the building is breaking new ground in how to provide a sustainable working environment.

Green vision

“We aim to operate as sustainably as possible, and used recycled materials in the construction of the building,” said Nada Taryam, managing director of Beeah HQ, which manages waste management across the country.

“Native plants have been used in the landscaping and reduced the amount of water consumption.

“A power pack stores excess energy from the photovoltaic panels, so we have a holistic strategy to achieve sustainability.

“Every project has its own specific requirements when energy comes into play, but the basis on which we have built this design can be learnt from.

“All of these sustainability measures can be taken and applied to other projects.”

The building’s high thermal mass allows heat to be absorbed during the day and dissipated at night to encourage cooling, while its curved structure allows the flow of natural sunlight to reduce the energy required for lighting.

An artificial intelligence system enables the building near the Alsajaa industrial area to learn to become more efficient as more people use it.

Its developers say it conforms to the highest standards of energy efficiency in the world.

Windows are positioned to reduce solar glare, while special glass cuts radiant thermal energy to keep the building cooler during summer.

While the glass limits the entry of infrared and ultraviolet light, solar panels supported by Tesla-made battery packs capture the power of the sun and store it to run the building’s air conditioning system.

The building’s components and management systems are integrated to maintain and improve its efficiencies.

Conference rooms are equipped with technology to automatically transcribe meeting minutes and email them to participants.

The building is the third in the UAE to be designed by Zaha Hadid architects, following the Sheikh Zayed Bridge, opened in Abu Dhabi in 2010, and The Opus hotel and apartments complex opened in Business Bay, Dubai, in 2018.

“As it learns from its occupancy, this building could potentially become one of the most sustainable buildings in the UAE,” said Ms Taryam.

“Certain decisions were taken, such as using glass reinforced panels on the ceiling which refract the sunlight so contribute to its efficiency and temperature control.

Defying convention

“There is a misconception about what these kind of buildings should look like, and we have defied that.

“There isn’t a rule book to say green buildings should be lined with solar panels. We have proved we can integrate architecture as well as sustainability to create something iconic.

“Zaha Hadid has something that distinguishes her from any other architect of her time. Every project of hers has its own context, but her ideas are adapted for each specific project.”

source/content: thenationalnews.com (headline edited)

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The headquarters of Sharjah waste management operator Beeah was the last project designed by Iraqi architect Zaha Hadid before her death in 2016. All photos: Andrew Scott / The National

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IRAQI / BRITISH/ SHARJAH, UAE