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About 34 million years ago, in the Eocene period of the Paleogene (the period from 66 to 23 million years ago), and in a tropical-like environment with forests and swamps in what is today the Qatrani Desert in Egypt’s Fayoum Depression, a genus of rodents that was not known before, used to live.
In a new study published in PeerJ, researcher Shorouk Al-Ashqar, a member of the “Sallam Lab” team specialised in vertebrate fossils at Mansoura University, studied two skulls and a large group of mandibles of fossils belong to the “Qatranimys Safroutus”.
“But it wasn’t easy; the samples were very small and very thin and adhered to the solid rocky clay, which made preparing the samples for study very difficult. We had to make accurate CT scans to be able to study them in a three-dimensional image,” said Hesham Sallam, the lead author of the study.
The newly discovered genus of rodents was called “Qatranimys Safroutus” which refers to the location of the discovery in the first word, whilst “safroutus” means too small in the Egyptian Arabic dialect.
The length of the molar of Qatranimys Safroutus was one millimetre, and its skull was about 1.5 centimetres long, and its weight did not exceed 45 grams.
Jebel Qatrani Formation is famous for its rich rodent assemblages from the Eocene–Oligocene deposits, which contributes to enhancing our understanding of the origin and paleobiogeography of what scientists call the “Hystricognathi” which are an infraorder of rodents, distinguished from other rodents by the bone structure of their skulls.
Al-Ashqar said that the samples used in the study showed clear differences in the morphological characteristics of the upper and lower teeth. And by comparing these samples with the discovered rodents from Afro-Arabia, it was clear that it belongs to a new genus that has never been discovered before.
“We did not only record a new genus and species, but we were able to record the first bones of the skull of a large group to which the discovery belongs, called the “Phiocricetomys”, she added.
Researchers from Mansoura University, the American University in Cairo, the Egyptian Environmental Affairs Agency, Duke University and the University of Salford participated in the study.
An awards ceremony hosted by the King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language honored the top three teams in the event
Event aims to enhance the dictionary with innovative applications and new ideas
Russian team Spiderweb Network has won first place in the second Arabic Hackathon, scooping a prize of SR150,000 ($39,994) for their innovative idea.
Their project proposed an automatic enrichment system for the “Riyadh Dictionary” using three knowledge sources — the Arabic language expert community, artificial intelligence, and dictionaries found on the web.
An awards ceremony hosted by the King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language honored the top three teams in the event, which aims to enhance the dictionary with innovative applications and new ideas.
This global technical challenge is aimed at individuals and organizations with technical and linguistic skills from all over the world. Teams develop innovative technical solutions and digital platforms for automatic Arabic language processing to enhance its status among the world’s living languages.
Second place went to the Pioneers of Intelligence, a joint Algerian-French team who received SR100,000. Their project focused on using AI to provide terms and definitions from specialized fields in a fast and effective way, with the possibility of creating specialized lexicons such as the “Riyadh Medical Dictionary.”
The Saudi-Egyptian Arabic Examples team took third place and a prize of SR50,000 with their idea for an AI system that provides appropriate examples for the meaning of each word.
The second edition of the challenge saw a total of 546 participants, 57 percent of whom were female and 43 percent male, representing 30 countries in 142 competing teams.
Abdullah Al-Washmi, Secretary-General of the King Salman Global Academy for Arabic Language, highlighted the establishment’s commitment to promoting the use of the Arabic language and launching supportive initiatives.
The closing ceremony was accompanied by activities such as an exhibition by the Arabic Intelligence Center, which was launched in April and specializes in automated Arabic language processing.
The center includes several initiatives, such as: the “Suwar” platform for digital dictionaries, “Falak” for digital corpora, and the Riyadh Dictionary for Contemporary Arabic Language.
Al-Washmi said the center represented a significant leap in the digital transformation of Arabic language services by developing technologies that aided its use, analysis, understanding, and production.
source/content: arabnews.com (headline edited)
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The Russian team won first place in the Arabic Hackathon challenge, which concluded in Riyadh on Thursday (June 6). / Russian team Spiderweb Network has won first place in the second Arabic Hackathon, scooping a prize of SR150,000 for their innovative idea. (KSGAFAL)
The former Algerian middle-distance runner won her country’s first-ever Olympic gold medal. She navigated a deadly and divisive political crisis within her nation to emerge as “a symbol of victory and defiance”.
Hassiba Boulmerka and her family received death threats, and she was even denounced as anti-Islam at her local mosque.
However, in her home country of Algeria, there was no safe space for her to run.
The world 1500m world champion feared that radical Islamist militants would kill her, and the surrounding atmosphere was equally terrifying.
But despite the risks, the ‘Constantine Gazelle’ continued to train, running even faster and defying the threats to her life.
A year after clinching the first of her two world titles, she made history at the Barcelona Olympics in 1992, winning the first Olympic gold for Algeria .
Hassiba Boulmerka: Africa’s first world track champion
Running had been Boulmerka’s way of life since the age of 10.
Growing up in Constantine, in the east of Algeria, she gained recognition for her speed and stamina, which led her to claim four African gold medals in the 800m and 1500m.
Two years after her double triumph at the continental championships, she stunned the field, sprinting to the lead in the homestretch of the 1500m race to clinch the gold.
It was a glorious moment for Boulmerka, as she became the first African woman to earn a World Championships title.
“I screamed for joy and for shock, and for much more,” she said. “I was screaming for Algeria’s pride and Algeria’s history, and still more.”
Her triumph was significant, symbolising progress for Algerian sport and Arab women.
Despite the heroic reception that awaited her and her teammates upon their return from the 1991 World Championships, her running didn’t quite resonate with everyone.
Her sporting endeavours continued to be frowned upon.
Training and competing meant exposing her arms and legs, which was perceived as not adhering to Islam’s code of modesty.
Hassiba Boulmerka was labelled ‘anti-Muslim’ for choosing to run
Boulmerka pressed ahead, enduring the criticism.
She faced hostility, being spat on and having to dodge stones thrown at her while training on Algerian roads.
In a matter of months, her hopes and dreams of participating in the Olympics started to fade as her country was plunged into civil unrest, resulting in over 150,000 lives lost.
Training became not only impossible but also dangerous during the crisis, with Islamist militants seeking to impose oppressive rule.
She was forced to relocate to Berlin to train ahead of the 1992 Olympic Games.
“I remember it well,” she recalled in an interview with the BBC. “It was Friday prayers at our local mosque, and the imam said that I was not a Muslim, because I had run in shorts, shown my arms and my legs. He said I was anti-Muslim.”
When she arrived in Barcelona just before her event, Boulmerka was accompanied by armed escorts into the stadium, highlighting the unprecedented security measures.
“There were police everywhere. In the stadium, in the changing rooms – they even came with me to the bathroom!” she said.
Despite these challenges, the ‘Constantine Gazelle’, as she was affectionately dubbed for her agile and graceful running style, defied the odds and her performance at the Estádio Olímpico was remarkable.
Hassiba Boulmerka: A heroine for women in sport
The Unified Team’s Lyudmila Rogacheva set the pace for most of the 1500m race before the Algerian powered past her with half a lap to go, securing her greatest career victory. Her time of three minutes, 55.30 seconds earned her the Olympic gold medal, marking the second time second time an Arab woman had stood atop the Games podium (after Morocco’s Nawal El-Moutawakel at Los Angeles 1984).
It was a beautiful ending after months of navigating political challenges – an example of ‘courage in defying taboos and pursuing passion’.
“As I crossed the line, I thrust a fist into the air. It was a symbol of victory, of defiance. It was to say: ‘I did it! I won! And now, if you kill me, it’ll be too late. I’ve made history!'”
As Boulmerka stood on the podium, feeling the weight of the medal around her neck, she was overwhelmed by emotions.
“I tried to hold myself together, to be brave…but the tears just started to fall. They were tears of sacrifice, for all the people I loved that I had abandoned for this race.
“It was a triumph for women all over the world to stand up to their enemies. That’s what made me really proud.”
There was no fanfare when the two-time Olympian returned home to reunite with her family.
Algeria was still far away from the end of its dark period, prompting he exile in Cuba before she returned to Algeria after recapturing the gold medal at the 1995 World Championships.
Her medals stand as a testament to her courage, and Hassiba Boulmerka continues to serve as a beacon of inspiration for women in sport.
After a few anonymous years in the Chinese Super League, El Kaabi’s 2023 transfer to Olympiacos is quickly proving to be a game-changer.
Rabat-Olympiacos’s prolific Moroccan striker Ayoub El Kaabi has made history in the 2023-24 UEFA Europa Conference League season.
At 30 years old, the Moroccan has become the first African player to score an impressive 15 goals in a single European campaign, far surpassing legends like Didier Drogba, Samuel Eto’o, and Mohamed Salah.
The Atlas Lion’s journey to this remarkable achievement is a tale of inspiration and dedication. Born in Casablanca in 1993, he began his football career in the Moroccan amateur league, showcasing his talent with clubs such as Racing AC, RS Berkane, and Wydad AC.
His standout performances domestically earned him a spot in the Moroccan national team, where he excelled, winning the African Nations Championship (CHAN) in 2018 and 2020 while clinching the titles of top scorer and best player in both tournaments.
After a few anonymous years in the Chinese Super League, El Kaabi’s 2023 transfer to Olympiacos is quickly proving to be a game-changer. His impact has been immediate and decisive for the Greek club, with his bagful of goals playing a pivotal role in guiding the team to the final of the UEFA Europa Conference League.
Notably, he scored five crucial goals in the two legs against Aston Villa in the semi-finals, showcasing his clinical finishing and ability to shine on the grandest stages.
Ayoub’s achievement stands out even more when compared to the performances of other African football stars in European competitions.
Surpassing the likes of Didier Drogba and Sebastien Haller, as well as outshining Sadio Mane and Mohamed Salah, the Moroccan striker’s 15-goal tally in a single European campaign is a testament to his exceptional skills and prowess as a striker.
This historic campaign has solidified El Kaabi’s position as one of the most prominent strikers in Moroccan and African football. His journey from grassroots football to the pinnacle of European competition exemplifies his unwavering determination, hard work, and natural talent.
As he leads Olympiacos into the Europa Conference League final against Fiorentina, El Kaabi has the opportunity to script another chapter in his extraordinary story, inspiring a new generation of Moroccan and African footballers with his remarkable achievements on the pitch.
Al-Qasimi Hall at the Council of the Arabic Language in Mauritania hosted a scientific symposium entitled “Feature of verbal harmony in the construction of the Qur’anic surah: an authentic pause,” in which Dr. Muhammad Safi Al-Mustaghanemi, Secretary-General of the Arabic Language Academy in Sharjah, spoke via video communication technology, in the presence of Dr. Allah Al-Washmi, President of the King Salman International Academy for the Arabic Language, and an elite group of scholars, researchers and linguists, and it was moderated by Dr. Al-Bakai Abdel Malik, Secretary-General of the Council of the Arabic Language in Mauritania.
Dr. Khalil Al-Nahwi, Chairman of the Arabic Language Council, said that the Council recently launched the “Hadith Al-Tayef” program as part of its research and scientific initiatives with the aim of hosting an elite group of scholars and researchers through audio-visual communication technology from various parts of the world, and Dr. Ahmed Safi Al-Mustaghanemi was chosen, who represents the Arabic Language Academy in Sharjah – the Knowledge Edifice. The main partner of the Arab Linguistics Council, he will be the first guest to lecture in this pioneering scientific program.
Mosteghanemi highlighted the unique characteristics that distinguish the surahs of the Holy Qur’an, pointing to the wonderful harmony and precise linguistic organization that reflects unparalleled precision and miracle. He explained that each surah in the Holy Qur’an follows its own axis while adopting studied linguistic choices that are in harmony with this axis.
Al-Mustaghanemi provided illustrative examples from the Holy Qur’an, such as Surat Al-Naba’ and Surat Al-Nazi’at, to highlight these features, noting that linguistic harmony is not limited to the vocabulary of each surah and its focus, but extends to include the relationship between the conclusion of the surah and the opening of the surah that follows it, which is what the scholars of interpretation have confirmed in their previous studies, in addition to the connection between the surahs. Different types that share similar vocabulary, structures, or stories.
Born in Sohag, Egypt, Mathematician Mahmoud Abdel-Aty was awarded the world’s best mathematician by China for his contribution to quantum algorithms and quantum optics!
The scientist told Sky News Arabia “My name was nominated by a number of scholars from more than one country, and the committee filtered all the applicants and selected the best among them,”
The Chinese award Qin-Jiu-Shao is considered to be one of the most important awards in mathematics in the world will be awarded to winners in November.
The Egyptian scientist, who occupies the position of Chairman of the National Committee for Mathematics, confirmed that through him he was able to explain a large number of problems that had no explanation in the past, especially with the great and amazing progress in the manufacture of computers, especially quantum computers.
He also mentioned how happy he gets whenever he’s awarded saying, “It’s the most beautiful in his life,”
Adding “It gives us confidence that what we are doing is of real value.
The Award represents the great appreciation of our country, and the international awards represent a global appreciation for the name of Egypt and its great scientists.”
Emirates Global Aluminium, today, announced the completion of the acquisition of the German company, Lichtmetall Aluminum Gesserei Hannover GmbH.
Last March, Emirates Global Aluminum announced its intention to acquire “Lichtmetal” from “Lichtmetal Holding Limited”, a subsidiary of an investment fund managed by “Quantum Capital Partners Limited”. The transaction met all regulatory approvals and conditions required for completion.
Lichtmetall is a specialized European smelter that uses renewable energy to produce about 30,000 tons annually of aluminum cylinders, and secondary aluminum represents about 80% of the raw materials used in production. The company primarily produces solid cylinders with a diameter of up to 1,150 mm for use in the manufacture of heavy-duty extruded aluminum profiles and large cast parts.
The acquisition of Lichtmetal strengthens EGA’s existing business in Europe, as EGA exports more than 600,000 tons of primary aluminum to Europe annually, and is considered one of the largest aluminum suppliers in Europe to many sectors, including automobiles and construction.
Abdul Nasser Bin Kalban, CEO of Emirates Global Aluminum, said: “I am pleased to welcome our new colleagues at Lichtmetal in Hannover to the Emirates Global Aluminum team. The acquisition will provide significant growth opportunities for Lichtmittal within the Emirates Global Aluminum portfolio, the largest producer of high-quality aluminum in the world.” “It is considered an important step for Emirates Global Aluminium, in accelerating our journey towards sustainability and building aluminum recycling operations in Europe, as we are one of the largest suppliers of primary aluminum in the region and globally.”
For his part, Thomas Witt, CEO of Lichtmetall, said: “This acquisition and joining Emirates Global Aluminum, the largest producer of high-quality aluminum in the world and the main supplier of aluminum in Europe, represents a major step in Lichtmetall’s successful journey, and will help us grow our business further and provide better services.” To our customers all over the world.
According to industry experts, global demand for recycled aluminum will double by 2040. Recycled aluminum is expected to contribute to the growth of global aluminum supplies by 60% by 2030, and by 70% between 2030 and 2040.
Aluminum can be recycled continuously and infinitely thanks to its distinctive properties. The recycling process requires 95% less energy, compared to the energy consumed to produce primary aluminum, and results in a small amount of emissions compared to producing aluminum from raw bauxite.
This deal is considered the first major acquisition for Emirates Global Aluminum since its founding through the merger of Dubai Aluminum and Emirates Aluminum ten years ago.
Sharjah Ruler collected 8,000 rare titles documenting French cultural history.
His Highness Sheikh Dr. Sultan bin Muhammad Al Qasimi, Member of the UAE Supreme Council and Ruler of Sharjah, is a leading Arab scholar and historian who has made contributions to documenting France’s cultural history from an Arab perspective.
The historian has been recently conferred the title of The Legion of Honour, with the rank of Commander – one of the highest national honours in the Republic of France in recognition of his efforts to strengthen cooperation relations between the French Republic and Sharjah in a variety of fields, particularly culture. The honour was granted to the Sharjah Ruler by His Excellency Emmanuel Macron, the French President, and presented by Nicolas Niemtchinow, Ambassador of the French Republic to the UAE.
His Highness is currently developing the chapters of a comprehensive work, the first of which is titled ‘The Century of Lights.’ Set in the 18th century – the chapter focuses on the era that established the foundations of Western society and examines the pivotal role played by Denis Diderot, the founder of the Encyclopédie, in collaboration with D’Alembert, as well as the contributions of liberal philosophers of that century such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau and Voltaire.
The Arab historian navigates the remainder of the 18th and 19th centuries in the following two chapters, before penning the fourth chapter titled, ‘Controversial Issues on Globalisation and Cultural Exception’ detailing everything that had happened in relation to globalisation and France’s role in it.
“France, at the helm of the European Union, began vigorously defending the idea of cultural exception; it has prevailed. From my end, I will publish this book in Arabic to introduce all Arabs to French culture,” His Highness said.
“In 2003, the French Republic conferred the ‘Order of the French Republic for Arts and Letters,’ with the rank of ‘Knight Commander’ upon me. I saw this honour as a mandate to continue cultural giving, and I discussed the Republic of France’s pioneering role in intellectual enlightenment and civilised communication, as well as its contributions to the cultural field, translation, and literature, and the spread of the concepts of freedom and justice,” His Highness added.
From that day forward, the Ruler of Sharjah initiated the acquisition of available written records that document the cultural history of the French Republic, using the titles of books in the Egyptian Scientific Institute in Cairo. “I collected nearly 8,000 rare titles in French and decided to establish a scientific institute for those books in Sharjah, similar to the French and Egyptian Institute,” His Highness added, saying he donated his entire collection to the institute in Egypt after it was turned to ashes by a violent fire in December 2011.
The opera was produced by the Saudi Theater and Performing Arts Commission.
“Zarqa Al-Yamama,” the world’s first and largest grand opera in Arabic, made its debut at the King Fahad Cultural Center in Riyadh, taking the audience on a lyrical journey through one of the best-known folkloric tales in the Arabian Peninsula.
The opera was produced by the Saudi Theater and Performing Arts Commission, and will run until May 4, telling the story of the central character’s attempts to warn her Jadis tribe of an imminent invasion.
source/content: arabnews.com (headline edited)
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ـ “Zarqa Al-Yamama,” the world’s first and largest grand opera in Arabic, made its debut at the King Fahad Cultural Center in Riyadh. (SPA)9
Hala Rharrit also served as the Dubai Regional Media Hub’s deputy director.
The US State Department’s Arabic-language spokeswoman has resigned over Washington’s Gaza policy.
“I resigned April 2024 after 18 years of distinguished service in opposition to the United States’ Gaza policy . Diplomacy, not arms. Be a force for peace and unity,” the bio portion of a LinkedIn page believed to belong to Hala Rharrit said.
Ms Rharrit’s resignation took effect on Wednesday, according to her State Department biography page.
She also served as the Dubai Regional Media Hub’s deputy director.
A State Department official confirmed to The National that Ms Rharrit no longer works for the Dubai Media Hub.
She first joined the Foreign Service in 2006. Her tours have included Yemen, Hong Kong, Qatar and South Africa.
In a previous interview with Al Arabiya News, which first reported her resignation, Ms Rharrit had warned about the generational cycle of violence and advocated for a return to diplomacy, not more arms transfers.
“There are channels … through which our workforce can share their points of view when they disagree with a certain policy or a certain action that the US government is taking,” Vedant Patel, deputy State Department spokesman, told reporters on Thursday after being asked about Ms Rharrit’s reported resignation.
He added that dissenting opinions “help lead to stronger, more robust policymaking”.
“Ultimately, anybody’s decision on whether they want to continue to repeat, remain employed somewhere or not, that is ultimately a decision for them to make.”
Ms Rharrit is the latest State Department employee to resign over President Joe Biden’s policy on Gaza, where more than 34,300 people have been killed amid the Israeli siege, according to local health authorities.
Late last month, staffer Annelle Sheline resigned publicly over the administration’s Gaza policy.
Josh Paul, another staffer who resigned last year over Gaza, told The National in March that while the resignations have likely put pressure on the administration, “it will still take an awful lot to actually shift” its actions.
There has been growing domestic discontent over Washington’s continued support of Israel, which includes a bill that was signed into law this week allocating $26 billion in aid to Israel.
US State Department official condemns Gaza policy after announcing resignation
